Volume 35, Issue 12 (12-2024)
Studies in Medical Sciences 2024, 35(12): 985-993 |
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Research code: 68704
Ethics code: IR.TBZMED.REC.1401.086
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Khodaie L, Jafarzadeh H, Ranjbari F, Soltani S. ANTICHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL AND EXTRACTS FROM AERIAL PARTS OF MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS. Studies in Medical Sciences 2024; 35 (12) :985-993
URL: http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-6395-en.html
URL: http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-6395-en.html
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Corresponding Author) , khodaiel@gmail.com
Abstract: (572 Views)
Background & Aims: Medicinal plants serve as a valuable resource for novel approaches to alleviating dementia symptoms. In Persian medicine manuscripts, Melilotus officinalis (sweet clover) was proposed as a treatment for dementia-related symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the cholinesterase inhibitory activity of sweet clover extracts and essential oil using Ellman’s method.
Materials & Methods: The essential oil from the aerial parts of sweet clover was obtained via hydrodistillation. Phytochemical composition of the volatile oil was analyzed by GC-MS. Additionally, the plant material was extracted using two solvent systems: (1) petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol; and (2) n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethanol. The extracts were dehydrated via oven-drying and freeze-drying. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the volatile oil and extracts was assessed using Ellman’s test. A preliminary phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract was performed by TLC.
Results: GC-MS analysis of the volatile oil identified 45.67% of its phytoconstituents, comprising 18 compounds, including hexyl butyrate, phytol, octyl butyrate, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone. Ellman’s test revealed that the volatile oil exhibited no inhibitory activity, whereas the freeze-dried ethanolic extract (200 µg/mL) showed 70.9% inhibition. The freeze-dried extract demonstrated significantly higher inhibitory activity than the oven-dried extract. TLC analysis of the ethanolic extract confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds and coumarins, which are likely responsible for its bioactivity.
Conclusion: The freeze-dried ethanolic extract exhibited the strongest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, suggesting that freeze-drying is the preferred dehydration method for sweet clover extracts. Phenolic compounds and coumarins are probable contributors to this inhibitory effect.
Materials & Methods: The essential oil from the aerial parts of sweet clover was obtained via hydrodistillation. Phytochemical composition of the volatile oil was analyzed by GC-MS. Additionally, the plant material was extracted using two solvent systems: (1) petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol; and (2) n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethanol. The extracts were dehydrated via oven-drying and freeze-drying. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the volatile oil and extracts was assessed using Ellman’s test. A preliminary phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract was performed by TLC.
Results: GC-MS analysis of the volatile oil identified 45.67% of its phytoconstituents, comprising 18 compounds, including hexyl butyrate, phytol, octyl butyrate, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone. Ellman’s test revealed that the volatile oil exhibited no inhibitory activity, whereas the freeze-dried ethanolic extract (200 µg/mL) showed 70.9% inhibition. The freeze-dried extract demonstrated significantly higher inhibitory activity than the oven-dried extract. TLC analysis of the ethanolic extract confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds and coumarins, which are likely responsible for its bioactivity.
Conclusion: The freeze-dried ethanolic extract exhibited the strongest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, suggesting that freeze-drying is the preferred dehydration method for sweet clover extracts. Phenolic compounds and coumarins are probable contributors to this inhibitory effect.
Keywords: Sweet clover, Melilotus officinalis, Ellman’s test, essential oil, coumarin, phenolic compounds, Alzheimer’s disease
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