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 Background & Aims: According to the effects of cyclophosphamide (CP) as a current chemotherapeutic drug on the structure of testis, this study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of crocin on histological structure of seminiferous tubules, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and testosterone in CP treated adult mice.

 Material & Methods: In this experimental study, 15 adult male mice were treated in 3 groups: control, sham control, and experimental group. The control group received normal saline (0.2ml/day), control sham group received cyclophosphamide (15 mg/kg/week, IP) and experimental group received crocin (200 mg/kg/day.IP) along with cyclophosphamide, respectively. Superoxidedismutase (SOD) and testosterone were measured in blood serum. Testicular samples also were used for histomorphometric studies and malondialdehyde (MDA) measurement.

 Results: It was revealed that Tubular Differentiation Index (TDI), Republication Index (RI), thickness of capsule, the numbers of active Sertoli cells, amount of SOD and testosterone were increased significantly in control and experimental groups compared to sham control (p<0.05), and Spermiogenesis Index (SI) in control and experimental groups were increased in compare with sham control group,but that was not significant in experimental group. Also MDA was increased significantly in sham control group compared to other groups (p<0.05).

 Conclusion: This study showed that crocin increases antioxidant enzymes and testosterone. However, it reduced testicular histopathological changes in CP treated mice.

 

 SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2014: 25(7): 673 ISSN: 1027-3727

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Background & Aims: Cyclophosphamide (CP) has been known as an immunosuppressant agent, and is reported to induce oxidative stress. It also impacts gonadal cells nucleus and reduce the fertilizing potential. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Ethyl Pyruvate as a potential antioxidant on in vitro fertilized embryos development following exposure to CP.    

Material & Methods: In this study, 36 mature female mice, aged 6-8 weeks were divided into 3 groups and treated for 21 days. The control animals received saline normal (0.1 ml,ip/day), and sham control group received CYPalone (15mg/kg,ip/week) and the experimental group received Ethyl Pyruvate (40mg/kg,ip/day) along with CP (15 mg/kg,ip/week). PMSG and HCG were administrated for stimulating the ovulation process. The sperms were obtained from 6 mature male mice. Following oocyte collection in-vitro fertilizing was performed using HTF+4mg/ml BSA medium. The fertilized oocytes were incubated for 120 hours and embryos were studied in various stages. Two proportion tests were used for statistical analyses by Minitab software (p<0.05).

Results: The animals in CP-treated group revealed significant decrease in appropriate oocyte number, fertilizing percentage, blastocyst and exhibited remarkably higher numbers of blocked embryos in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). In contrast, the Ethyl Pyruvate administration reversed the CP-induced damages. The animals in Ethyl Pyruvate -treated group revealed increased number of appropriate oocytes, percentage of fertilizing and improved embryo development (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The Ethyl Pyruvate co-administration with CP resulted in significant improvement in fertilizing potential and promoted the embryo development. 

 

SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2014: 25(8): 768 ISSN: 1027-3727

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Background & Aims: Scleroderma is a systemic condition with various manifestations in different organs. Among these organs, the lungs are affected very frequently, and the involvement is progressive and significant. Various medications have been suggested and tested in patients with scleroderma and lung involvement, but their efficacy and safety profile differ and enforce a difficult final decision-making. Since cyclophosphamide is an example of this kind, this study sought to examine the therapeutic effect of this drug in patients with scleroderma and lung disease.

Materials & Methods: A total of 20 patients with scleroderma and lung parenchymal disease received intravenous cyclophosphamide (750 mg/m2) along with gradually tapering prednisolone (20-7.5 mg/day) and azathioprine (2mg/kg) after discontinuation of the former for six consecutive months. The Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Total Lung Capacity (TLC), 17 revised Rodnan Score were examined three and six months after starting the treatment.

Results: Six months after treatment, significant changes in FVC (p = 0.55), TLC (p = 0.39), FEV1 (p=0.27), 17 revised Rodnan Score (p=0.98) was not observed. The TDI also did not show significant changes during the six months of treatment (p = 0.79). Based on the type of antibody was not seen significant difference in the amount of TDI.

Conclusion: Administration of intravenous cyclophosphamide in the treatment of scleroderma in patients with pulmonary involvement of our study did not have considerable effects on pulmonary function and clinical manifestations that were similar to other studies in this field.

SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(6): 475 ISSN: 1027-3727

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Background & Aims: Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer drug that, despite its many clinical applications, has toxic effects through production of free radicals on body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine in the liver tissue of rats treated with cyclophosphamide
Materials & Methods: Twenty-one adult female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. The control group received normal saline for 15 days intraperitoneally. Experimental groups1 and 2 received a single dose of cyclophosphamide (150 mg / kg intraperitoneally). 7 days before and 7 days after administration of cyclophosphamide, the mice in these two groups received normal saline and n-acetylcysteine (150 mg / kg). At the end of the study, serum levels of aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase aspartate were measured and liver tissue was obtained for histopathologic evaluation.
Results: In the treatment group, n-acetylcysteine ​​significantly decreased the amount of elevated aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase catabolism induced by cyclophosphamide (P <0.05). Administration of cyclophosphamide caused pathological changes in the liver structure, including dilatation of portal veins, infiltration of leukocytes and bulking hepatocytes with fatty vacuoles, and the supplementation of n-acetylcysteine greatly prevented these structural changes in the liver.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the use of n-acetylcysteine ​​can reduce the harmful effects of cyclophosphamide on liver tissue.