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A SURVEY OF AMYGDALA CENTRALIS CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE TO ANGIOTENSIN I MICROINJECTION IN RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSIVE RAT
Dr Ehsan Saboory, Dr Behnam Heshmatian, Dr Mohammad Allah Tavakoli,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (winter 2009)
Abstract

  E Saboory [1] , Ph.D B Heshmatian [2] , Ph.D M Allah Tavakoli [3] , Ph.D

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 Received: 12 March, 2008 Accepted: 12 Aug, 2008

 Abstract

 Background & Aims: Previous studies have revealed that induction of two kidneys, one clip Goldblatt hypertension induction in rats eliminates hypertensive response after inactivating of the central nucleus of the amygdala. The present study investigated the possibility of alteration in local renin angiotensin system activity in central nucleus of the amygdala after hypertension induction and evaluation of cardiovascular response to angiotensin I microinjection into central nucleus of the amygdala in wistar rats.

 Materials & Methods: 130 Wistar rats were studied in this investigation. Clamps were placed on the left renal arteries to induce two kidneys, one clip Goldblatt hypertension. A similar surgery procedure without clipping was done in sham group. The rats were studied eight weeks after surgery. The mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured directly with indwelling arterial cannula under urethane anesthesia. Rats received bilateral cannulation of the central nucleus of the amygdala for angiotensin I microinjection. After bilateral microinjection of consecutive doses of angiotensin I (0.5µL- 10µM, 10�nM and 10�pM), saline and pretreatment of losartan (10 µ M), saralasin (1nM) or captopril (10 µ M) before Angiotensin I injection into central nucleus of the amygdala, mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured and compared between groups.

 Results: Bilateral microinjection of consecutive doses of angiotensin I into central nucleus of the amygdala significantly increased mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive group in comparison to normotensive one (P<0.001) . After pretreatment of saralasin and losartan the effects of 10nM angiotensin I microinjection into central nucleus of the amygdala of all groups were inhibited.

 Captopril inhibits effects of angiotensin I in normotensive animals but does not in hypertensive ones.

  Conclusion : These results are functionally demonstration of cardiovascular effects of angiotensin I microinjection into central nucleus of the amygdala and those effects have increased after 2K1C hypertension induction. This process may contribute in Goldblatt hypertension pathogenesis. Increased angiotensin II receptors or accelerated proteolytic process of angiotensin I to angiotensin II may alter angiotensin I microinjection into central nucleus of the amygdala outcome.

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 Keywords: Renin-angiotensin system, Amygdala c entralis , Two kidneys, One clip Goldblatt hypertension, Angiotensin I.

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  Address: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. Tel: 0441-2770969

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  E-mail: behhesh@yahoo.com

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  Source: UMJ 2009: 19(4): 360 ISSN: 1027-3727


  [1] Assistant Professor of Physiology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

  [2] Assistant Professor of Physiology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, , Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)

  [3] Assistant Professor of Physiology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan , Iran


INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF RESTRAINT STRESS IN PREGNANCY PERIOD ON EPILEPTIC BEHAVIORS OF INFANT RATS
Ramin Ahmadzadeh, Dr Aliasghar Pilevarian, Dr Shiva Roshanmilani, Dr Mohamadhasan Khadem Ansari , Dr Ehsan Saboory,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (mar-apr biomonthly 2011)
Abstract

 

  Background & Aims : According to the previous studies, stress enhances seizure attacks in epilepsy. But it is not clear that stress how and through which mechanisms enhance epileptic behaviors. In the present study effects of indirect Restraint Stress in pregnancy period of rats on infant epileptic behaviors have been investigated.

  Materials & Methods : Females rats (200±20gr) were divided in to two groups: 1-entire pregnant rats (control group), 2-under stress pregnant rats (stress group). In the stress group, in 15th day of pregnancy, rats were held immobile into the Plexiglas tube, twice a day and every time for an hour and for a period of three continuous days. Pilocarpin (150 mg/kg.s,c) was injected to infants of both groups, in 25th day after birth, to convey epileptic behaviors. Then epileptic behavior of each rat was observed and recorded by a digital camera for a period of 120 minutes.

  Results : Infants epileptic behaviors of stress group showed significant changes in comparison to control: mean duration of starting first neonatal epileptic behavior in infants of control was 5.35 ± 0.57 minutes which decreased to 3.21 ± 0.43 minutes in stress group (mean ± SEM, Mann-Whitney test). In addition, mean frequency of tonic-clonic attacks in infants of control group was 5 times and with a mean duration of 0.53 minute which increased to 8.2 times and 1.29 minutes, in infants of stress group, respectively. Moreover, mortality rate during attacks showed an increase of 21.4% in infants of stress group.

  Discussion : stress in pregnancy period enhances epileptic behaviors of infant rats but its mechanism requires further investigation.

 

  Source: Urmia Med J 2011: 22(1): 84 ISSN: 1027-3727


THE IMPACT OF OFFSPRING'S GENDER AND AGE ON MATERNAL LEPTIN BLOOD LEVEL AS WELL AS THE EFFECT OF MOTHER PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS ON SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF MOTHER'S MILK
Elmira Javanmardi, Dr Ehsan Saboory , Dr Mohamad Hasan Khadem Ansari ,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (Biomonthly July-August 2011)
Abstract

 Background &Aims: Several studies indicate that feeding with breast milk is associated with reduction in risk of obesity later in life. Children fed with breast milk have better regulation of nutrient intake in adulthood. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of offspring's gender and age on maternal Leptin blood levels and effects of mothers' physical activity and contraceptive methods on specific gravity of breast milk.

 Materials & Methods: In this study, 115 mothers referring to health centers of Urmia were selected randomly. A questioner was filled out for each mother asking about sex, age, weight of offspring's as well as information about method of delivery and contraception of mother. Five ml of breast milk and blood sample were taken from each mother and were used to measure the Specific Gravity (SG) and blood Leptin levels (BLL), respectively.

 Results: Though changes in BLL significantly differed according to offspring's age, differences in BLL were not significant according to offspring's gender. Physical activity of mother significantly increased SG of mother's milk. Differences in SG of maternal milk were significant based on contraceptive technique. There was no significant correlation between BLL and SG of milk in mothers.

 Conclusion: Maternal BLL can change with offspring's age. Since Leptin is a major regulator of energy intake, children fed with breast milk might grow up and gain weight better than babies fed with formula. Also, that daily maternal activity in normal life affects quantity and quality of breast milk. 

 

  Source: Urmia Med J 2011: 22(3): 279 ISSN: 1027-3727



IMPACT OF CHRONIC MORPHINE ADMINISTRATION IN NEONATAL PERIOD ON PENTYLENETETRAZOL-INDUCED SEIZURE IN PREPUBERTAL RATS
Mortaza Gholami , Dr Ehsan Saboory , Dr Shiva Roshan-Milani , Dr Samad Zare ,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (Biomonthly Aug_Sep 2012)
Abstract

Background & Aims: Frequent administration of morphine leads to increase in motor activity, motivational properties, and other responses related to this kind of drugs.  It has been reported that the impact of morphine on seizure is dose dependent. The aim of this study was to study the impact of chronic exposure to morphine on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure in rats.

Materials & Methods: Neonate rats (n=40) were randomly chosen and divided into two groups. On postnatal days 8-14 one group received daily morphine and the other group received saline.  On postnatal days 25 and 32, all rats injected intraperitoneally with 60 mg/kg pentylenetetrazol and seizure behaviors were monitored.

Results: Number of grooming decreased in morphine groups compared to saline animals (p<0.05). Duration of grooming decreased in 32-day-old morphine treated rats compared to their saline group (p<0.01). Latency to widening rear limbs decreased in 25-day-old morphine treated rats compared to saline group while it increased in 32-day-old rats (p<0.05). Probability of incidence of tonic-clonic seizure increased 2.4 times in 25-day-old morphine treated rats compared to saline group but it changed in opposite direction in 32-day-old rats.

Conclusion: These results suggest that chronic exposure to morphine during neonatal period induces age-dependent alterations in the susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. It is likely that exposure to morphine leads to alterations in developing of brain systems such as glutamate which in turn change the susceptibility to seizure. 

SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 347 ISSN: 1027-3727


THE RESPONSE OF SERUM CORTISOL AND LIPID PROFILE TO A MODERATELY INTENSIVE AEROBIC EXERCISE IN NON-ACTIVE MIDDLE-AGED MEN
Dr Bakhtyar Tartibian, Fakhredin Yaghoobnezhad , Dr Ehsan Saboory, Dr Fateme Kheradmand ,
Volume 24, Issue 6 (Monthly sep 2013)
Abstract

 

  Background & Aims : Incidence of cardiovascular disease and stroke can be due to decreased mobility or non-suitable life style. Exercise induces changes in blood lipids, cortisol . The aim of this study was to evaluate response of serum cortisol and lipid profile to a moderately intensive aerobic exercise in non-active middle-aged men .

  Materials & Methods: Thirty middle-aged men with an age range of 40-50 years were volunteered in this study. The exercise group performed an aerobic exercise training on the treadmill up to 65% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) for 30 minutes. Blood samples were obtained from the two groups before, immediately after, and 12 hours after the exercise.

  Results: Cortisol, triglyceride, cholesterol, and VLDL levels immediately after exercise in the exercise group showed a significant increase comparing to control subjects (p<0.05). There were not any significant changes in the cortisol and lipid profiles in the recovery state (p>0.05). The difference between the immediately after exercise values with that of the base values of cortisol and lipids concentrations was significant, and it increased in the exercise group comparing with the control group (p<0.05). There were significant increase in cortisol, cholesterol, VLDL and LDL levels in the exercise group immediately after exercise comparing with the recovery condition (p<0.05).

  Conclusion: Moderately-intensive aerobic exercise, with stimulation of cortisol, increases the blood lipid concentrations in order to increase their metabolism, and it provides a desirable condition to reduce the cardiovascular risk factors.

  SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2013: 24(6): 404 ISSN: 1027-3727


THE CORRELATIONAL STUDY BETWEEN SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND CHILD ABUSE DISORDER
Ehsan Saboory, Siamak Sheikhi , Salman Ghaderi, Bita Rezazadeh, Hasan Azizi ,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (Monthly_jul 2016)
Abstract

Background &Aims: Child Abuse (CA) is a multi-dimensional damage which is emerged and intensified by several elements. CA brings about physical, mental, and social aftermaths for the children and exposes them to several dangers. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between Substance Abuse and CA in Tehran.

Materials & Methods: This study was conducted through a survey, and systematic random sampling method was used. The statistical population of this study was Child Abuse in Tehran in 2014-15. The sample population of this study was 273 individuals which were selected using Cochran Sampling Formula among the Child Abuse. The questionnaires were also analyzed after investigating validity and reliability of the questions.

Results: The findings of this research showed that girls and boys are abused equally. Moreover, as the age of the children increases, the possibility of being abused increases too. The most common insult was physical and physical-mental abuse. Most of the children have experienced a combination of physical, mental, and sexual abuse and neglect. Also, findings of this study showed that addiction of the parents was the main element of CA (43% of cases); and there was a significant relationship between parental Substance Abuse and CA. Dependency to methamphetamine was the most common addiction compared to other drugs (83%).

Conclusion: Considering these results, the necessity of multi-dimensional planning in individual, family, and social levels and in three preventive phases of first, second and third is needed for effective prevention and appropriate intervening on CA.

SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(4): 309 ISSN: 1027-3727


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