2024-03-28T16:47:39+03:30 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=43&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
43-1368 2024-03-28 10.1002
Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ZEIN EDIBLE FILM INCORPORATED WITH ZATARIA MULTIFLORA BOISS ESSENTIAL OIL AND MONOLAURIN AGAINST LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES AND E. COLI O157: H7 IN VITRO Hossein Tajik h.tajik@urmia.ac.ir Seyed Mehdi Razavi Rohani Mehran Moradi Azra Farhangfar  Background & Aims: The aim of the study was to develop and investigate antibacterial characteristics of zein edible film assimilated with monolaurin (M) and Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil (ZEO) alone and in combination with each others. Materials & Methods: Zein films containing M (1%) and ZEO (2 and 3%) were developed by casting method and subsequently, antibacterial characteristics were assessed based on disc covering and disc surface spreading methods against Listeria monocytogenes and E. coli O157: H7. Results: Compared to the control films, significant enhancements were observed on antimicrobial activity when ZEO and M were added (P<0.05). This increase was influenced by the type of agents as well as type of bacteria, which L. monocytogenes was more susceptible than E. coli O157: H7. In both methods, all prepared films, with the exception of plain zein film, exhibited antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes while only films containing ZEO showed antibacterial activity against E. coli O157: H7. Generally, films containing 3% ZEO showed an excellent antibacterial activity against both tested bacteria. However, bacterial growth under the films was negative for all applied films samples. Conclusion: It is concluded that in contrary to direct use of monolaurin and ZEO to control microbial pathogens, incorporating both agents into edible zein film strengthens antimicrobial characteristics of them. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 352 ISSN: 1027-3727 Zein film monolaurin Zataria multiflora Boiss Listeria monocytogenes E. coli O157: H7. 2012 8 01 232 240 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1368-en.pdf
43-1369 2024-03-28 10.1002
Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 HORMONAL AND INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES OF ATHLETIC MEN AND WOMEN FOLLOWING ONE SESSION RESISTANCE Asghar Tofighi a.tofighi@ urmia.ac.ir Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari  Background & Aims: Men and women show different responses to exercise stress. Some aspects of gender differences at such situation have not been clear yet. The aim of this study was the comparison of gender differences between elite men and women handball players in IL-6, TNF-α, cortisol and testesteron responses to resistance exercise. Materials & Methods: Twenty elite handball players were selected and in form of ten men and ten women participated at this research. Resistance exercise program included six separate attempts as: bench press, lat pull down, shoulder press, biceps curl, knee extension and knee curl which was done in alternative method for three sets and 10 repetitions at 60 % 1RM. Blood samples were taken before, immediately and two hours after exercise regimen. Measurement of IL-6 and TNF-α was done with ELISA method. Also cortisol, Testosterone measurement was done by immunoradiometric assay. ANOVA with repeated measured method was used for data analysis.   Results: Data analysis showed that there were significant differences in post-exercise IL-6 and testosterone levels between two groups (P0.05). Conclusion: Based on study results, one session of moderate resistance exercise as a hypertrophy stimulus caused changes in both sexual hormone and cytokine levels in which men show greater androgenal and limited inflammatory responses. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 351 ISSN: 1027-3727 Resistance exercise Hormone Inflammation Women Men 2012 8 01 241 248 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1369-en.pdf
43-1370 2024-03-28 10.1002
Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 TREATMENT OF RENAL SIMPLE CYSTS BY PERCUTANEUS DECORTICATION Ali Tehranchi Sepehr Hamedanchi sepehrhamedanchi@yahoo.com  Background & Aims: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of percutaneus unroofing in the treatment of simple renal cysts instead of laparoscopic decortication and open surgeries.Materials ;Methods: This study included  11 patients with 12 simple cyst units managed by percutaneus unroofing from November 2009 to October 2010. All cysts were evaluated with ultrasonography and abdominal CT. If there was not any contraindication, cyst wall resection was performed. A standard transurethral resectoscope was used to resect the cyst wall and the parenchymal portion of the cyst was subsequently cauterized. Drainage tube was left in place for two days.Results: At 5 months follow up, patients were asked about their symptoms and ultrasonography was performed .From 12 cyst units 8 were completely resolved,3 were reduced to less than 50% and 1 was persistent near to original size.The success was defined as more than 50% reduction in cyst volume.Conclusion: Management of renal simple cysts can be done safely by percutaneus unroofing with success rate of nearly 90%.This new technique can offer several advantages over open surgery with decreased length of hospital stay, improved convalescence, and reduced risk of complications. Percutaneous resection also avoids the multiple trocar sites, extensive dissection, and technical difficulty associated with laparoscopy.  SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 350 ISSN: 1027-3727 Decortication Percutaneus resection Renal cyst Simple cyst Unroofing 2012 8 01 249 253 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1370-en.pdf
43-1371 2024-03-28 10.1002
Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 TO EVALUATE THE PREGNANCY OUTCOME IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH A HISTORY OF VAGINAL BLEEDING IN THE FIRST HALF OF PREGNANCY Farideh Dadkhah Maryam Kashanian maryamkashanian@yahoo.com Giti Eliasi  Background & Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the pregnancy outcomes in pregnancies with threatened abortion (miscarriage).Materials & Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed on 1000 pregnant women. 500 women (case group), had a history of vaginal bleeding during the first half of pregnancy and the other 500 women (control group), did not have this history.  Both groups of women were followed from 20 weeks of pregnancy up to delivery. Results: The women both groups did not have any significant differences according to age, parity, or body mass index (BMI). Spontaneous preterm delivery was in 126 cases (25.2%) vs.  47 cases (9.4%), P=0.001, [ADJ RR=1.4, CI 95%=1.2-1.5], premature rupture of membrane  were 51 cases (10.2%) vs.  24 cases (4.8%), P=0.02, [ADJ RR=2.1, CI95%= 1.2- 2.3], placental abruption were 20 cases (4%) vs. 7 cases (1.4%) P=0.01, [ADJ RR= 1.1, CI 95%= 1.01-1.2], were more in the case group.  There were no differences between the two groups regarding preeclampsia, small for gestational age (SGA), and cesarean deliveries. Neonatal weight (in term pregnancies) in the case group was lower than the control group (3046.4± 560.8 gram vs. 3317.6± 432 gram, P=0.001). There was a significant relationship between the number of bleeding episodes, spontaneous preterm delivery, and placental abruption and there was also a significant relationship between the amount of bleeding and placental abruptionConclusion: Threatened abortion increases the rate of spontaneous preterm delivery, premature rupture of membrane and placental abruption, and decreases the neonatal weight. Therefore threatened abortion makes a pregnancy as high risk and demands more serious prenatal care.    SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 349 ISSN: 1027-3727 Threatened miscarriage Preterm delivery Premature rupture of membrane Preeclampsia Cesarean delivery Pregnancy outcome Neonatal weight Vaginal bleeding 2012 8 01 254 259 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1371-en.pdf
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Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 INCREASED FREQUENCY OF MUTANT ALLELES OF METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE IN PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKES IN A POPULATION OF EAST AZARBAIJAN PROVINCE Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei smt1351@yahoo.com Masoud Nikanfar Nasrin Bargahi Amir Monfaredan  Background & Aims: Brain infractions with Ischemic strokes are the most common and important causes of death in human communities. Studying genetic factors as prognostic factors has an important role in the control and reduction of irreversible ischemic brain damages. This study aimed to investigate methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene mutation with a frequency greater than expected and its impact on the increased risk of oxidative stress in East Azarbaijan Province.Materials & Methods: 50 normal individuals without a history of ischemic strokes and 50 patients with diagnosis of cerebral ischemic stroke with specific clinical indicators were randomly selected and entered the study. Total DNA extracted from peripheral blood and polymerase chain reaction was used to examine two common mutations in this gene. Results: A comparison of various genotypes involved in the control and patient group indicated that the presence of homozygote T allele of the C677T in the patient group was higher than the control group, but there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). Also C677T and A1298C heterozygous mutations in both the cis and trans in people with ischemic strokes were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Since the prevalence of this genetic polymorphism in different populations around the world is different and the role of risk factors changes for ischemic strokes, it is necessary to investigate the prevalence of this polymorphism in East Azarbaijan province. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 348 ISSN: 1027-3727 Genetic polymorphism Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene Polymerase chain reaction Ischemic strokes 2012 8 01 259 267 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1372-en.pdf
43-1374 2024-03-28 10.1002
Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 IMPACT OF CHRONIC MORPHINE ADMINISTRATION IN NEONATAL PERIOD ON PENTYLENETETRAZOL-INDUCED SEIZURE IN PREPUBERTAL RATS Mortaza Gholami Ehsan Saboory e. saboory@yahoo.com shiva Roshan-Milani Samad Zare Background & Aims: Frequent administration of morphine leads to increase in motor activity, motivational properties, and other responses related to this kind of drugs.  It has been reported that the impact of morphine on seizure is dose dependent. The aim of this study was to study the impact of chronic exposure to morphine on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure in rats. Materials & Methods: Neonate rats (n=40) were randomly chosen and divided into two groups. On postnatal days 8-14 one group received daily morphine and the other group received saline.  On postnatal days 25 and 32, all rats injected intraperitoneally with 60 mg/kg pentylenetetrazol and seizure behaviors were monitored.Results: Number of grooming decreased in morphine groups compared to saline animals (p<0.05). Duration of grooming decreased in 32-day-old morphine treated rats compared to their saline group (p<0.01). Latency to widening rear limbs decreased in 25-day-old morphine treated rats compared to saline group while it increased in 32-day-old rats (p<0.05). Probability of incidence of tonic-clonic seizure increased 2.4 times in 25-day-old morphine treated rats compared to saline group but it changed in opposite direction in 32-day-old rats.Conclusion: These results suggest that chronic exposure to morphine during neonatal period induces age-dependent alterations in the susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. It is likely that exposure to morphine leads to alterations in developing of brain systems such as glutamate which in turn change the susceptibility to seizure.  SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 347 ISSN: 1027-3727 Pentylenetetrazol Seizure Morphine Neonatal period Age-dependent Rat 2012 8 01 268 275 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1374-en.pdf
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Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 COMPARISON OF ATROPINE SULFATE WITH PYLOROMYOTOMY FOR TREATMENT OF INFANTILE HYPERTROPHIC PYLORIC STENOSIS Shahsanam Gheibi drgheibi@yahoo.com Zahra Fakoor Hashem Mahmudzadeh Mohamad Karamyyar  Background & Aims: In hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) the hypertrophied muscles of pylorus cause partial gastric outlet obstruction. The standard management of HPS is pyloromyotomy. However, successful treatment of HPS with atropine sulfate also has been reported. We aim to compare the outcomes of medical and surgical treatment for HPS. Materials & Methods: In this comparative clinical trial at Imam Khomeini hospital of Urmia and Nemazi Hospital of Shiraz, infants with diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis -after obtaining writing consent from parents- were treated with intravenous atropine sulfate (0.01 mg/kg/q3h) and then orally. The results were compared with cases of surgical pyloromyotomy. The data were analyzed with SPSS and t-test was used for comparing quantitative variables and chi2 test for qualitative variables.Results: A total of 26 infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (11 in Urmia, 15 in Shiraz) were treated with intravenous atropine sulfate, in which three were excluded because of associated anomalies. From the 23 infants (18 male and 5 female) in 19 patients (82.6%) ceased vomiting after treatment with intravenous (median 4.6 days) and subsequent oral atropine sulfate, without major complications. Atropine sulfate was effective in 94.4% of boys but in 40% of girls. Stopping period of vomiting was prolonged in atropine group. (P=0.01) But cost of admission was more in surgical group. (P=0.02) Length of the hospital stay in surgical group was slightly less than medical group with no significant difference. (P=0.42)Conclusions: In this study, atropine was effective in most of infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 346 ISSN: 1027-3727 Infant Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis Atropine sulfate Pyloromyotomy 2012 8 01 276 282 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1375-en.pdf
43-1376 2024-03-28 10.1002
Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 EFFECTS OF RECOMBINANT ERYTHROPOIETIN ON SERUM PARAOXONASE ACTIVITY, TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT AND LIPID PEROXIDATION LEVELS IN MALE RATS Amir Ghorbanihaghjo Nadereh Rashtchizadeh rashtchizadeh@yahoo.com Jaber Hashemzadeh Mortaza Gharighoran  Background & Aims: Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone that secretes by renal tissue in response to hypoxia and increases red blood cell (RBC) production. Recent studies demonstrate that the EPO has protective effects against ischemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of recombinant erythropoietin (r-EPO) on serum Paraoxonase (PON) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid peroxidation levels in rats.Materials & Methods: This study included 30 male adult wistar rats divided into 3 groups randomly (n=10). Groups A (high dose r-EPO) and B (low dose r-EPO) were injected as intraperitoneal (i.p.) for one and four weeks, respectively. Control group (C) was injected in equal volume normal saline, intraperitoneally. Results: Data analyzes showed that, in treated groups by high and low doses of r-EPO in contrast with control group, there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in PON activity (with P = 0.026 ,P= 0.033 respectively), AE activity (with P= 0.033 ,P= 0.023 respectively) and serum TAC levels (with P =0.008, P= 0.004 respectively), statistically. A significant decrease also was observed about the MDA concentration (with P =0.002, P= 0.020 respectively) as a lipid peroxidation index. Conclusion: Based on the results of the current study, r-EPO has the antioxidant properties and decreases lipid peroxidation. Therefore, it can be used in oxidative stress conditions. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 345 ISSN: 1027-3727 Recombinant erythropoietin (r-EPO) Malondialdehyde (MDA) Paraoxonase (PON) Arylesterase (AE) Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) High density lipoprotein (HDL-c) 2012 8 01 283 290 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1376-en.pdf
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Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 SENSITIVITY OF BISPECTRAL INDEX MONITORING IN CONFIRMATION OF BRAIN DEATH Ali reza Mahoori Ebrahim Hassani ehassani87@gmail.com Arash Mosarrezaei Heidar Noroozinia Elham Akhiani Background & Aims: Although the guidelines for the diagnosis of brain death are well established, further confirmatory tests are required. Performing these tests need high costs, specialized personnel and technology, transportation of patients out of the intensive care unit, and use of contrast. The Bispectral Index (BIS) can provide objective and continuous monitoring of the consciousness level. The aim of this prospective study was to define the role of bispectral index monitoring in the confirmation and diagnosis of brain death. Materials & Methods: This study included 32 patients with brain death confirmed by several tests during a period of 12 months. BIS monitoring was performed using an XP BIS monitor and the BIS and the suppression ratio (SR) was evaluated in all cases for two hours. Results: In all patients with brain death diagnosis, the BIS showed values of near 0 (0.72 ± 0.8) and suppression rates of near the 100 (99.1±0.9). The sensitivity of BIS for detection of brain death was 100%. Conclusion: The BIS is a noninvasive, simple, and easy method for assessment of brain death. The BIS cannot be used on its own for the confirmation of the brain death, but it is a useful tool for enabling appropriate scheduling of either EEG or cerebral angiography to confirm brain death. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 344 ISSN: 1027-3727 Bispectral index monitor Brain death Electroencephalogram 2012 8 01 291 295 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1377-en.pdf
43-1378 2024-03-28 10.1002
Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 ASSOCIATION OF THE SERUM LEVELS OF FOLIC ACID WITH PREECLAMPSIA Jamileh Malakouti Sakineh Mohamad-Alizadeh Haniyeh Salehi PourMehr Farshbaf Khalili azizeh_farshbafkhalili@yahoo.com  Background & Aims: Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal mortality. Despite many studies, its etiology is still unknown. Many etiologies as nutritional factors have been presented in causing of preeclampsia. Recently there has been attention towards the role of folic acid. This study was performed to examine the association of serum levels of folic acid with preeclampsia in pregnant women.Materials & Methods: This was an analytic observational case-control study which was conducted in Tabriz- Alzahra educational hospital at 2009.  52 preeclamptic women (aged 18-35 in 34-42 weeks and 52 normotensive pregnant women were selected according to age, pregnancy number, and gestational age. Data were gathered through interviews and reviewing their medical records. Folic acid serum levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence method on Elecsys-2010 system using the Roche brand kit. The data were analyzed by SPSS.Results: The mean folic acid serum levels in preeclamptic group was significantly lower than non- preeclamptic group (p=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed a significant decrease in the frequency of preeclampsia with increasing the serum levels of folic acid (OR=0.88, CI95%:0.77-0.99). Findings about the frequency of main food groups’ consumption containing folic acid indicated that the only mean difference between two groups was in relation to fruits. The mean of fruit group consumption per week in preeclamptic women was lower than non- preeclamptic women (p=0.002). Conclusion: It is recommended that all health care providers educate clients during counseling about  the importance of  folic acid, regular and  timely consumption of  supplements as well as food groups containing folic acid specially fruits and its possible role in  prevention of preeclampsia. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 343 ISSN: 1027-3727 Preeclampsia Folic acid Serum levels Diet Prenatal care 2012 8 01 296 303 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1378-en.pdf
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Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF MELPHALAN-INDUCED DAMAGED DNA ON EXPRESSION OF MATURITY MARKERS AND POLARIZATION OF IMMUNE PHENOTYPES OF DENDRITIC CELLS Ahmad Morshedi Norouz Delirezh Parva Parvin Aram Mokarizade aramm79@yahoo.com  Background & Aims: Dendritic cells are the most potent antigen presenting cells in induction or polarization of T-dependent immune responses. In cancerous patients, suppressive or detoured immune responses regard to tumor cells, prevent appropriate functions of dendritic cells. Nowadays, in vitro production, expansion and maturation of dendritic cells in presence of safe maturation factors which polarize TH1 responses in donors, is the base of many cancer immunotherapy studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of melphalan-induced damaged DNA on dendritic cell maturation, phenotypes and its induced immune responses in T helper cells related to improvement or aggravation of the disease.   Material & Methods: In this study, we  analyzed the effect of  MCF-7 derived damaged DNA (Induced by melphalan alkylating agent) in addition to standard maturation  factors (TNF-α and MCM) on maturity characters of dendritic  cells consisting of morphology, phenotype, phagocytosis, MLR, and cytokine secretion compared with the control group. Results: The data showed that the combination of damaged DNA with standard maturation factors in treatment of dendritic cells result to an increased expression in CD83 (the marker of matured DC) and a decreased levels of phagocytosis. Besides, damaged DNA polarized immune responses to DC1 phenotype triggering TH1 responses. Conclusion: Results demonstrate the efficiency of damaged DNA in induction of mature dendritic cells and their appropriate immune responses against MCF-7 cell line.  SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 342 ISSN: 1027-3727 Dendritic cell Damaged DNA Melphalan Immunotherapy TH1 MCF-7 TNF-α MCM MLR CD83 2012 8 01 304 314 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1382-en.pdf
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Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF EDIBLE STARCH-CHITOSAN COMPOSITE FILM CONTAINING POMEGRANATE PEEL EXTRACT Touraj Mehdizadeh Hossein Tajik h.tajik@urmia.ac.ir Seyed Mehdi Razavi Rohani Abdol rassoul Oromiehie Background & Aims: Biocompatible packaging based on edible films containing active agents used in food to improve quality, extending product shelf life and reducing the risk of pathogen growth . The objective of this study was to prepare composite films from chitosan and starch containing 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% pomegranate pell extract (PPE) and to evaluate their antimicrobial, antioxidant and optical properties and film solubility.Materials & Methods:  Composite films containing 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% PPE, were obtained by casting method. The film properties were determined by measuring total polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity, optical properties and solubility in water. Agar diffusion method was used for antimicrobial evaluation. All experiments were performed at least in triplicate and collected data was analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan's test using SPSS software. Results: The edible films containing PPE exhibited more effective impact on the growth reduction of L.monocytogenes than S.aureus and E.coli (p < 0.05). Antioxidant activity and total phenol(TP) of chitosan- starch films was significant increased with the addition of PPE but concentration of 0.5% and 1% in antioxidant activity and 0 % and 0.5% in TP were not significantly different (p<0.05). The color was affected by the addition of PPE the results showed that increasing PPE yielded lower transparency, darker and more red-yellowish of resulted films. Results also showed that the water solubility of films tended to increase as the level of PPE increases (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that starch-chitosan composite films  containing pomegranate peel extract was significantly antibacterial properties, while shows the higher antioxidant effect. PPE also improves the same physical properties of the film. This edible film has potential for use in extending the shelf life of food products.SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 341 ISSN: 1027-3727 Composite Film Starch Chitosan Pomegranate peel extract Antibacterial Antioxidant 2012 8 01 315 323 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1379-en.pdf
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Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 EVALUATION OF GOITER PREVALENCE AND URINARY IODINE EXCRETION AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN IN URMIA COUNTY Rahim Rostami Maryam Ebrahimi Asghar Beiranvand Mohammad Reza Aghasi Hamideh Estabraghnia Jafar Nourooz-Zadeh jnouroozzadeh@yahoo.co.uk  Background & Aims: Despite adequacy of dietary iodine intake in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the prevalence of goiter is still high in certain parts of the country such as West Azarbaijan province.  This investigation was undertaken to evaluate urinary iodine excretion (UIE) and prevalence of goiter among (10-17 years-old) schoolchildren in Urmia County. Materials & Methods: Schoolchildren (n=500 gender: girls) were enrolled by random cluster sampling from different schools districts in Urmia. Studied population comprised 158 primary schoolchildren, 257 secondary schoolchildren and 85 high schoolchildren. UIE was assessed by the Sandell-Kolthoff method while prevalence of goiter determined by palpation. Results: Median UIE in Urmia’s education districts (1;2) were 145 µg/L and 142 µg/L, respectively. Median UIE in high school children was significantly higher than those in primary- or secondary schoolchildren. Prevalence of goiter in primary - , secondary- and high school were 9.5%, 15.2% and 8.2%, respectively. Conclusions: The present study reveals that average goiter prevalence among schoolchildren in different education levels was 12.6%. This was markedly higher than the value (0.4%) reported by the 4th national survey in 2006. High prevalence of goiter among secondary schoolchildren is possibly associated with pubertal hormonal changes. Further should be conducted to evaluate distribution of thyroid antibody and autoimmune thyroiditis among school-age children Urmia County. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 340 ISSN: 1027-3727 urinary iodine excretion goiter iodine schoolchildren 2012 8 01 324 329 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1380-en.pdf
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Studies in Medical Sciences Studies in Medical Sciences 2717-008X 2717-008X 10.61186/umj 2012 23 3 THE ROLE OF PERFECTIONISM, NEGATIVE AFFECT AND BRAIN- BEHAVIORAL SYSTEMS IN PREDICTION OF BULIMIA DISORDER Touraj Hashemi Nosratabad Majid Mahmoud Aliloo Behrouz Khosravian behroozkhosravian@yahoo.com  Background ; Aims: Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder in which a person binges and purges. Research on clinical samples with bulimia nervosa patients has identified a variety of variables associated with bulimic behavior. This research was aimed at determine the role of perfectionism, negative effect, and brain- behavior systems in prediction of bulimia disorder.Materials ; Methods: This study was conducted on 70 bulimia nervosa patients among clients of treatment center, and 70  normal individuals that were selected via purposeful sampling. For gathering information, the Hewitt and Flett multidimensional perfectionism, Head depression, anxiety scale and Carver and Whitt brain-behavioral systems questionnaires were used. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the results as well as discriminative analysis methods.Results: Bulimia nervosa patients reported higher levels of perfectionism, negative affect compared with the normal groups. In addition, bulimia nervosa patients showed lower level of bis compared with the normal groups. Also predictors accounted for 85% of the variance in bulimia nervosa.Conclusion: This study revealed that perfectionism, negative affect and brain- behavioral systems predicted occurrence of bulimia nervosa significantly.  SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2012: 23(3): 339 ISSN: 1027-3727 Perfectionism Negative effect Brain behavioral systems Bulimia nervosa 2012 8 01 330 338 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1381-en.pdf