fa تأثیر بازی درمانی شناختی - رفتاری بر نشانه‌های رفتاری دانش آموزان نافرمان آناتومی آناتومی پژوهشي(توصیفی- تحلیلی) Research <p class="Chekide" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida TEXT-ALIGN: justify TEXT-KASHIDA: 0% MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: rtl" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt">پیش‌زمینه و هدف:</span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt"> </span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">هدف از انجام این پژوهش</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">بررسی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">تأثیر</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">بازی درمانی شناختی- رفتاری بر</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">مشکلات رفتاری</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">دانش</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">آموزان نافرمان</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">بود.<p></p></span></p><p class="Chekide" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida TEXT-ALIGN: justify TEXT-KASHIDA: 0% MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: rtl" dir="rtl"><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">مواد و روش‌ها: روش</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">پژوهش</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">از</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">نوع</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">آزمایشی بوده و از</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">طرح</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">پیش‌آزمون-</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">پس‌آزمون و پیگیری</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">با</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">گروه</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">کنترل استفاده شد. نمونه‌گیری</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">به روش تصادفی چندمرحله‌ای انجام شد و کودکانی که با توجه به ملاک‌های </span><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman"><span dir="ltr">DSM -IV</span><span dir="rtl"></span></font></font><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> اختلال نافرمانی مقابله‌ای را داشتند، شناسایی و از میان آن‌ها 30 نفر به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب و در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل گمارده شدند. ابزار اندازه‌گیری، پرسشنامه </span><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman"><span dir="ltr">SNAP- IV</span><span dir="rtl"></span></font></font><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> (فرم معلم) بود که توسط معلمان تکمیل گردید. سپس کودکان گروه آزمایش در 10 جلسه یک‌ساعته بازی‌درمانی شرکت کردند. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل آماری داده‌ها نیز از روش تحلیل کوواریانس استفاده شد.<p></p></span></p><p class="Chekide" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida TEXT-ALIGN: justify TEXT-KASHIDA: 0% MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: rtl" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">یافته‌ها</span></b><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">:</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">تحلیل</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">داده‌ها</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">نشان</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">داد</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">که در مرحله پس‌آزمون و پیگیری، بین دو گروه</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">آزمایش و کنترل، در میزان</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">مشکلات رفتاری</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">دانش آموزان تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود دارد (001/0 </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2">≤</font></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><font size="2"><font face="Times New Roman"><span dir="ltr">P</span><span dir="rtl"></span></font></font><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>).<p></p></span></p><p class="Chekide" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida TEXT-ALIGN: justify TEXT-KASHIDA: 0% MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: rtl" dir="rtl"><b><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">نتیجه‌گیری</span></b><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">: بنابر یافته‌های این مطالعه،</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">روش بازی درمانی شناختی- رفتاری،</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">سبب</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">کاهش</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">مشکلات رفتاری</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">در</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"> </font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA">دانش آموزان نافرمان می‌شود و می‌توان از آن به‌عنوان یک روش مداخله ای مؤثر سود جست</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><font face="Times New Roman" size="2">.</font></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><p></p></span></p><p class="Chekide" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida TEXT-ALIGN: justify TEXT-KASHIDA: 0% MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: rtl" dir="rtl"><span lang="FA" dir="ltr"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"></font></span></p><p class="Chekide" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida TEXT-ALIGN: justify TEXT-KASHIDA: 0% MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: rtl" dir="rtl"><span lang="FA" style="FONT-FAMILY: Nazanin FONT-SIZE: 9.5pt mso-ansi-font-size: 8.5pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><p> </p></span></p> <p> <strong> </strong></p><p> <i><strong>Background & Aims</strong></i>: The present research was conducted to study the effect of cognitive- behavioral play therapy on Behavioral Problems of disobedient students. </p><p> <strong><i>Materials & Methods</i></strong>: This research was expe<a name="_GoBack"></a>rimental, and a pre-test, post-test, follow-up with control group design were applied. By using multistage sampling, 30 third-grade students who met DSM-IV criteria for oppositional defiant disorder were selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. SNAP- IV Rating Scale (Teacher Form) was used to measure of behavior problems of children's and was completed by their teachers. Then, the experimental group received play therapy for 10 one-hour sessions. For statistical data analysis, covariance analysis is used. </p><p> <strong><i>Results</i></strong>: Results indicated that there is a meaningful difference between the rate of behavioral problems of students in both control and experimental group in post-test and follow up stage (p≤0/001).</p><p> <strong><i>Conclusion</i></strong>: Results of this research shows that cognitive- behavioral play therapy have an effect on reducing symptoms of behavioral problems in disobedient students and can be used as an effective intervention to eliminate or decrease these problems.</p><p>  </p><p>  SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2014: 25(3): 267 ISSN: 1027-3727 </p> بازی‌درمانی, رویکرد شناختی- رفتاری, دانش آموزان نافرمان Play therapy, Cognitive- behavioral approach, Disobedient students 258 267 http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-582-471&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Soheila Safary سهیلا صفری soheila.safary@gmail.com 370031947532846009403 370031947532846009403 Yes Department of Psychology of Children with Special Needs, Faculty of Educational Sciences & Psychology, University of Isfahan دانشگاه اصفهان Salar Faramarzi سالار فرامرزی 370031947532846009404 370031947532846009404 No University of Isfahan دانشگاه اصفهان Ahmad Abedi احمد عابدی 370031947532846009405 370031947532846009405 No University of Isfahan دانشگاه اصفهان