Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
32
2
2021
4
1
THE EFFECT OF POSTERIOR CEREBRAL PULMONARY DIRECT ELECTRICAL STIMULATION (TDCS) ON IMPROVING SPATIAL, VISUAL, AND VERBAL PERCEPTUAL ABILITIES
82
91
FA
ali
aghaziarati
PhD Student of Psychology and Education of Children with Special Needs, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
vahid
nejati
Associate Professor of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author)
khatere
borhani
Assistant Professor of Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Background & Aims: Direct electrical stimulation of the brain is a therapeutic technique that can be effective in improving visual, verbal, and spatial perception. The present study investigated the effect of direct electrical stimulation (tDCS) of the posterior parietal cortex on improving spatial, visual, and verbal perceptual abilities.
Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, the statistical population of the study consisted of all students of Shahid Beheshti University who were studying in the academic year 2017-18. Among them, 30 subjects were selected by purposive non-random sampling and received direct intervention of posterior parietal cortex. Mental rotation test and Parsi abstract reasoning test were used to measure spatial-visual perception and verbal perception. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods including one-factor analysis of variance with emphasis on study within the subjects.
Results: The results showed that tDCS of the posterior parietal cortex improves spatial, visual (P <0.01) (F = 19.61) and verbal (P <0.01) (F = 73.91) perceptual abilities.
Conclusion: It is suggested that the results of this study be used in effectiveness and educational programs.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
32
2
2021
4
1
FREQUENCY OF CARBAPENEMASE AND METALLO-BETA-LACTAMASE RESISTANCE AND OXA- 48, OXA-23, AND NDM GENES IN CLINICAL ISOLATES OF ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNI IN 2017
92
104
FA
Bahman
Azhari
Department of Microbiology, Biological Science College, Varamin-pishva branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva, Iran
Fatemeh
Noorbakhsh
Department of Microbiology, Biological Science College, Varamin-pishva branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva, Iran (Corresponding Author)
Maryam
Eidi
Department of Biology, Biological Science College, Varamin-Pishva branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva, Iran
Background & Aims: One of the most important problems in treatment centers is the infectious diseases caused by antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter Bumanni. This study aimed to isolate and identify carbapenemase and metallo-beta-lactamase producing strains using phenotypic and molecular methods.
Materials & Methods: In this study 79 strains of Acinetobacter Bumanni were isolated from patients hospitalized in Tehran Heart Hospital and identified by biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was performed by disc diffusion method. Phenotypic methods such as combined disk test (CDT), double disk synergy test (DDST), and Modified Hodge test (MHT) were performed to identify carbapenemase and metallo-beta-lactamase activity. PCR was performed using specific primers for OXA- 48, OXA-23, and NDM genes.
Results: In this study, the highest resistance in A. baumanii was observed to imipenem and ertapenem by disk diffusion method. By CDT, 96.2% of isolates showed carbapenemase activity and 94.93% showed metallo-beta-lactamase activity in presence of imipenem. Also, by DDST, 86.07% and 91.13% of isolates showed Carbapenemase and metallo-beta-lactamase activity, respectively, and 91.14% of isolates were positive by MHT. The molecular method showed that OXA-48 gene was in 100% of isolates and OXA-23 gene was in 98.73% of isolates and NDM gene did not exist in isolates.
Conclusion: Based on the results, CDT has high susceptibility in other phenotypic methods for identifying carbapenemase and metallo-beta-lactamase activity. Frequency of OXA-48 and OXA-23 genes revealed antibiotic resistance in A. baumanii isolates.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
32
2
2021
4
1
ADHERENCE TO MEDICATION IN PATIENTS WITH BIPOLAR 1 DISORDER VISITING PSYCHIATRIC CENTERS AFFILIATED WITH QAZVIN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES IN 2017
105
115
FA
Mohammad
Khatami
Psychiatrist, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran (Corresponding Author)
alireza
haji seyed javadi
Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
nazanin
esmaeeli
MSc of Clinical Psychology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background & Aims: Bipolar disorder or manic depression is a psychiatric disease of the mood disorder type. The estimated prevalence of bipolar 1 disorder is ~1% in a person’s lifetime. Failure to adhere to medications is a concern for psychiatrists. The present study aimed to examine adherence to medication in patients with bipolar 1 disorder visiting psychiatric centers affiliated with Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2017.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Qazvin, Iran, in 2017. The sample comprised of 80 patients with bipolar 1 disorder in whom the diagnosis was made by psychiatrists based on DSM-5 classification. Participants were selected via convenience sampling and based on inclusion criteria. After collecting demographic and clinical information, the patients were evaluated using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale and the Young Mania Rating Scale. All data were analyzed in SPSS 21.
Results: Qualitative data resulting from the evaluations were reported as frequency and percentage, while quantitative data were expressed in mean and standard deviation. The frequency of qualitative variables was compared across groups using the chi-squared test, and the quantitative variables were compared using the t-test at p<0.05.
Conclusion: Considering the necessity and importance of drug treatment in the treatment of this disorder, which was mentioned from different approaches, the aim of this study was to determine drug adherence in patients with bipolar I disorder and the factors affecting it. In the present study, adherence to medication was not significantly related to sex, age, level of education, occupation, number of hospitalizations, and type and side-effects of medications. However, it negatively correlated with the number of visits to the emergency department, i.e. As the adherence to medication decreased, the number of visits to the emergency department increased.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
32
2
2021
4
1
THE EFFECT OF TWO MONTHS OF CHIA SUPPLEMENTATION ON INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN WISTAR DIABETIC MALE RATS
116
123
FA
Maghsoud
Nabilpour
Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
Abbas
Sadeghi
Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran (Corresponding Author)
Farnaz
Seifi
Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
Background & Aims: Increased inflammation is a consequence of diabetes. Accordingly, the use of herbal medicine as a solution has been suggested. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two months of chia supplementation in conjunction with inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in male Wistar diabetic rats.
Materials & Methods: 36 diabetic rats were randomly assigned to 3 equal groups (control group, diabetes group, diabetes + chia group) and were subjected to 8 weeks of supplementation. Interleukin-1 and interleukin-13 were measured in soleus muscle tissue to examine the inflammatory and anti-inflammatory indicators. ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were used for data analysis.
Results: Although chia supplementation had aggravating effects on IL-1ß compared with the diabetic group, this effect was not statistically significant (p = 0.99). Also, IL-13 protein expression increased significantly in the diabetic control group by about 51% (p = 0.001), and in the diabetic group with chia supplementation by about 50% (p= 0.001) compared to the healthy control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusion: It seems that two months of chia supplementation with this dose and period of consumption could not have a positive effect on anti-inflammatory factors in male diabetic rats. Confirmation of this finding requires further research in this area.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
32
2
2021
4
1
CLINICAL STUDY OF THE AMOUNT OF PAIN, EDEMA, AND MAXIMUM MOUTH OPENING BEFORE AND AFTER THE BROKEN ZYGOMATIC ARCH REDUCTION BY NEW METHOD OF USING FIFTY MM NEEDLE WITHOUT SURGERY CUT
124
133
FA
Mohammad Ali
Ghavimi
Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Arezou
Ghoreishizadeh
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Zahra
Delirakbari
Dentistry Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Mehdi
Sadeghi Hassanabadi
Dentistry Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Ramin
Negahdari
Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran (Corresponding Author)
Background & Aims: The zygomatic arch is the most prominent portion of the face and is commonly injured during facial trauma. It articulates with the frontal bone, temporal bone, maxilla, and sphenoid bone, and serves as the main bridge amongst these bones. Isolated arch fractures comprise 10% of all zygomatic fractures and 5% of all facial bone fractures. Treatment of zygomatic arch fractures varies from observation to open reduction. The Gilles temporal approach is a commonly used surgical technique for the reduction of zygomatic arch fractures. However, this surgical approach is associated with a facial scar in the hairline and risks of facial nerve palsy. In this research, we performed a new method using a fifty millimeter needle without surgery cut for replacement of broken zygomatic arch and evaluated the amount of pain, edema, maximum mouth opening, and ecchymosis before and after the surgery.
Materials & Methods: CT scans were taken of all the patients with isolated zygomatic arch fracture who were referred to Imam Reza Medical Center and department of maxillofacial surgery during 2019-20. The 50 mm needle was used for reduction with the new method.
Results: This study was performed on 7 patients with isolated fractures of zygomatic bone. The mean age of patients was 33.85. 5.87 years. Significant reduction in pain was reported during 7 days after surgery, but the rate of edema (p = 0.539) and the amount of mouth opening after surgery did not show a significant difference.
Conclusion: In reviewing the above studies and comparing them with the present study, it was observed that in simple fractures, the surgical method of the present study was a very useful and uncomplicated method in patients. Despite open reduction methods, these methods have a lower scar rate, the duration of surgery is reduced, and this can lead to faster recovery of the patient.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
32
2
2021
4
1
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF NANOEMULSIONS SYNTHESIZED BY ARTEMISIA AUCHERI BOISS ESSENTIAL OIL
134
143
FA
Mahjobe
Irani
Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Masoud
Homayouni Tabrizi
Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran (Corresponding author)
Touran
Ardalan
Department of Chemistry, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
Background & Aims: Due to the threat to human health with diseases related to oxidative stress and infectious diseases, today the use of natural compounds and changes in them to improve their effectiveness has received much attention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of nanoemulsions prepared from Artemisia aucheri Boiss essential oil (AABEO-NE).
Materials & Methods: The AABEO-NE was synthesized by ultrasound method and formulated with 9 ml of Tween 80, 1 ml of polyethylene glycol, 3 ml of Artemisia essential oil, and 87 ml of distilled water. The antioxidant activities of nanoemulsions were investigated using various biochemical methods such as DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). Then, the antibacterial activity of nanoemulsion was evaluated by the disk diffusion (DD) method.
Results: The data obtained from this study showed that nanoemulsions synthesized by Artemisia essential oil have a high potential for inhibiting DPPH radicals (IC50 = 80μg / ml) and ABTS (IC50 = 79μg / ml). The existence of a growth inhibition zone (10mm) in the sample treated with AABEO-NE confirmed the antibacterial effects of AABEO-NE
Conclusion: According to the results, AABEO-NE can be used as a safe, natural, and effective antibiotic for bacterial infections caused by S. aureus and also, this formulation can be used due to its high antioxidant effects in the treatment of diseases related to oxidative stress.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
32
2
2021
4
1
Heterotopic Mesenteric Ossification, Co-incidentally found with a Ruptured Tubo-ovarian Abscess: A Case Report
144
148
EN
Farzaneh
Javanmard
Asistant professor Pathology,Urmia University of medical science ,Urmia ,Iran (Corresponding Author)
Sonia
Sadeghpour
Asistant professor Gynecology, Urmia University of medical science ,Urmia ,Iran
Zohre
Banihashemi
Resident of pathology Pathology,Urmia University of medical science ,Urmia ,Iran
Heterotopic mesenteric ossification is a rare bone-like lesion located inside the abdominal cavity. Its etiology is unclear but most of the patients had a history of abdominal trauma or surgical operation.
In this study, we present the case of a 29-year old woman admitted with acute abdominal pain and fever that underwent emergency laparotomy. She had a history of recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease and surgical appendectomy. During a laparotomy, a massive left tubo-ovarian abscess was seen and drained out. There was also a hard mass-like lesion measuring 2×1cm attached to the mesentery that was excised and sent for pathologic evaluation. The patient was discharged in good general condition.
Microscopic evaluation of the mass in hematoxylin and eosin stained section revealed a structure consisting of bony trabeculae and fibroblastic proliferation.
This case represents a rare simultaneous occurrence of mesenteric ossification with a ruptured tubo-ovarian abscess that due to a history of recurrent inflammatory disease introduce inflammatory prosess as a possible cause of heterotopic mesenteric ossification.
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
32
2
2021
4
1
Evaluation of the Cerebrospinal Fluid Results Analysis and Culture in Infants under 18 Months with Simple Febrile Convulsion, Urmia Motahari Hospital, Iran, 2011 until 2016: A Retrospective Study
149
155
EN
Ezatolah
Abbasi
Assistant Professor of Pediatric Neurology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Ahad
Ghazavi
Associate Professor of Pediatric Neurology,neurophysiology research center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Correspondin Author)
Amir
Nasimfar
Associate Professor of Pediatrinfectious disease, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Mina
Mokhtari
Medical student, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Background & Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the cerebrospinal fluid results analysis and culture in infants under 18 months with the diagnosis of simple febrile convulsion in Urmia Motahari hospital.
Materials & Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the results of lumbar puncture in 223 infants under the age of 18 months with simple febrile seizures from 2011 to 2016. Patients’ information such as age and sex and the results of analysis and culture of cerebrospinal fluid culture were extracted from patients' records.
Results: Of 223 infants, 109 (48.8%) were male and 114 infants (51.2%) were female, with an average age of 9 months (age range between 5 to 15 months). Thirty-one of them (13.9%) had abnormal WBC (greater than 5/ mm3) and 192 (86.1%) had normal WBC (less than 5/ mm3). Twenty-four infants (10.8%) had an abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (protein more than 45 mg/dl) and 199 infants (89.2%) had normal cerebrospinal fluid (protein less than 45 mg/dl), 24 infants (10.8%) had abnormal CSF glucose level (less than 50 mg/dl) and 199 infants (89.2%) had normal CSF glucose level (more than 50 mg/dl). In 220 infants (99%), cerebrospinal fluid culture was negative and in 3 infants (1%), it was reported as unresponsive. Four out of 55 medical records (1.79%) were treated as bacterial meningitis and 5 (2.24%) of them were treated as aseptic meningitis.
Conclusion: Findings suggested that the patients under one year with febrile seizures should be carefully examined, regarding decision about conducting lumbar puncture (LP) for them.