@article{ author = {aghakhani, nader and Torabi, Mehdi and Hazrati, Afshin and Alinejad, Vahid and EsmHosseini, Gholam Reza and Nikonejad, Aliraz}, title = {THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPIRTUAL WELLBEING AND DEPRESSION IN MEDICAL STUDENTS OF URMIA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES}, abstract ={Background & Aims: Depression is one of the most important challenges in society and is not limited to a particular time, space and person. In the past, the positive impact of spirituality on health was established with a significant relationship. In this study, the researchers tried to assess the relationship between different aspects of spirituality and depression to use the results for preparing a program to prevent and control depression. Materials and Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on a total of 90 medical students of Urmia University of Medical Sciences who were selected according to the census and the standards of research. Demographic information, Palutzian & Ellison questionnaire for spiritual health and (USDI) questionnaire for depression of students were used for data gathering. Results: In this study 59% of participants were women and 41% were men; 97.8% of them were married; 68 of the students lived in a dormitory, 34 people reported less satisfaction with their lives and 87 students had a moderate degree of spirituality. There was a significant relationship between spirituality and marital status and a negative significant relationship between spirituality a depression. Conclusion: The results showed that there is a significant inverse association between depression and spirituality. In other words, the more degree of spirituality is, the lower the rate of depression is. Therefore, the degree of spirituality is one of the most important predictors of depression.   SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 649 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {spiritual wellbeing, depression, student }, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {642-649}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3119-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3119-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Mohammadi, Amir and Mokhtari, Mehdi and Miri, mohammad and Abdolahnejad, Ali and Nemati, Sepideh}, title = {A SURVEY ON VARIATIONS OF BTEX AND OZONE FORMATION POTENTIAL IN YAZD CITY AND MAPPING WITH GIS}, abstract ={Received: 25 May, 2016; Accepted: 22 Aug , 2016 Background & Aims: Today use of unleaded gasoline is increasing in the world which contains abundant amount of aromatic organic carcinogenic compounds. This study aims to monitor the temporal and spatial concentration of BTEX volatile organic compounds and ozone formation potential (OFP) in the air of Yazd city. Materials & Methods: This research was carried out at different hours of the morning and evening in the early fall of 2015. Sampling and measurement of benzene - toluene was done according to1501 NIOSH guidelines using active sampling and GC-FID. GIS software was used for zoning. Results: The mean concentration of BTEX in the early morning hours was 130 and 659 (μg / m3) and late in the morning was 159 and 830 (μg / m3), respectively, which indicates an increase in emissions in the last hour’s morning. Also, Toluene to benzene ratio (T / B) obtained 1.3 to 2.1 and 1.2 to 3, which represents benzene and toluene emissions caused by traffic. T/B, xylene to benzene (X/B) and xylene to ethyl benzene (X/EB) Ratio ranges were obtained 1.2 to 2.1, 1 to 4 and 2 to 6. Conclusion: In this study, spatial analysis by GIS software showed the center and south parts of Yazd more polluted than the north part. Also, spatial variations of BTEX and OFP concentrations were more, but the temporal trend obtained less values and Spearman good correlation (0.01> P and 0.89 SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 660 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {Air Pollution, Aromatic hydrocarbon, BTEX, photocatalyst O3, Carcinogen‎}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {650-660}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3348-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3348-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Shokrzadeh, Mohammad and Hasanzadeh, Roxana and Asgari, Roohollah and Abedian-Kenarii, Saeid and AsgarianOmran, Hossein and Ataee, Rami}, title = {EVALUATION OF ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE AND APOPTOTIC EFFECT OF RESVERATROL ON AGS CELL LINE OF GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA}, abstract ={Background & Aims: Resveratrol (3,4,5 tri-hydroxy-trans-acetylben-1acetyl benoid) is a phenolic natural product which is found in red grapes also in Japanese knotweed root (polygonum cuspidatum). Resveratrol is also found in Gnetum cleistostachyum. In recent years, many researches were about anti-inflammatory and anti carcinogenic effect of resveratrol especially in  breast, colon and esophageal cancer, but a few researches were about its role in gastric adenocarcinoma. This research has been done about the role of resveratrol in an in vitro model. Materials & Methods: For proliferation study, we used MTT assay procedure and for apoptosis, anexin-propidium iodide flowcytometery method has been done. Also we have used AGS cell line cultured in RPMI medium in 5% CO2 370C in 96 wells culture plate, the cells incubated with resveratrol and cisplatin (as positive control) for 24 and 48 hr. in different concentrations, IC50 has been determined and compared with control. Results: Our results showed that reveratrol in IC50 concentration( 40.6 µM) has significant antiprolifrative  effect in AGS cells  compared with control which was in parallel with cisplatin. Also at IC50 concentration 6.75% apoptosis and 10.8% necrosis has been observed after 24 hr. incubation Conclusion: According to our results resveratrol has significant antiproliferative and apoptotic effect as in vitro model of gastric adenocarcinoma and can be suggested for co-treatment in future chemotherapy of gastric malignancies SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 671 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {resveratrol,, gastric adenocarcinoma, Proliferation,MTT assay, cisplatin,apoptosis, flowcytometrey}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {661-671}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3245-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3245-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Aryafar, Masiha and Mohammadi, Mohammad Taghi}, title = {EFFECT OF FULLERENE NANOPARTICLES ON BRAIN INFARCTION AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES DURING TRANSIENT AND FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA IN RAT}, abstract ={Background & Aims: According to the recent studies, fullerene nanoparticles have a potent scavenging property for free radicals in biological environments. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a fundamental mechanism of brain damage in stroke, we aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of fullerene nanoparticles on ischemia-induced brain injuries in experimental model of stroke. Materials & Methods: Experiment was performed in three groups of rats (N=28): Sham, Control ischemia, and Ischemic treatment. Ischemia was induced by 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 24 hours reperfusion. Rats received fullerene (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) 60 min before induction of MCAO. Cortical and striatal infarction (TTC staining), and histopathological alterations were assessed 24 hours after termination of MCAO. Results: MCAO induced brain infarction in cortical (307±16 mm3) and striatal (115±21 mm3) areas concomitant increase the histopathological damages. Administration of fullerene significantly reduced the infarction in cortical (166±15 mm3) and striatal (54±7 mm3) areas 45% and 53%, respectively. Also, fullerene decreased the mortality rate of ischemic treated rats (33.33%) compared to ischemic non-treated rats (9.09%) in accompany with the reduction of histopathological damages. Conclusion: It is concluded that fullerene nanoparticles, as a potent antioxidant factor, effectively reduce ischemia-induced brain damage and prevent neurodegeneration possibly through scavenging property of free radicals. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 682 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {Fullerene, Oxidative stress, Brain infarction, Neurodegeneration, Ischemic stroke}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {672-682}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3272-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3272-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Adeli, Zahra and Farahani, Najmeh and Mosavi, Seyed Ahmad and sehri, Seyed Yaghoob and MoradiMogarmoon, Hekmat allah and Gheibihayat, Seyed Mohamm}, title = {COLONING AND EXPRESSION OF FLIC AS A VACCINE CANDIDATE AGAINST TYPHOID}, abstract ={Background & Aims: Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic pathogen causing typhoid fever in humans and animals. It is an important cause of food borne infections in humans throughout the world. A recent study estimated approximately 22 million cases of typhoid each year with at least 200,000 deaths. FliC encoding flagellin plays a role in pathogenesis and is an important antigen in vaccination. In this study, recombinant protein fliC as a candidate vaccine against salmonellosis was produced and purified. Materials & Methods: The protein sequence of fliC was obtained from NCBI database. For high level expression of protein, the gene was synthesized with codon bias of E. coli.; synthetic gene in pUC57 was sub coloned into pET32 expression vector and then transferred into E. coli BL21DE3. The recombinant protein was express by IPTG induction. For high expression, three parameters including IPTG concentration, time and temperature of induction were optimized. The recombinant protein was purified by ion exchange chromatography with His-Tag. The purified protein was confirmed by western blotting. Results: Recombinant vector was approved by PCR and restriction analysis. SDS-PAGE showed a 51 kDa protein with proper purity and western blotting with his-tag antibody confirmed the intend protein. Conclusion: The use of recombinant vaccines is highly regarded, since one of the major virulence factors of Salmonella gene was cloned and the protein was produced and purified in this study. This protein can be used in candidate vaccine against typhoid. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 691 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {Salmonella, Recombinant Vaccine, fliC, Cloning and expression}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {683-691}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3346-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3346-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Farzadi, Fatemeh and behroozy, naser and sheheyniyeylagh, manije}, title = {THE RELATIONSHIP SIMPLE AND MULTIPLE EMOTIONAL SELF-REGULATION AND ATTACHMENT STYLES (SECURE, AVOIDANT) WITH INDISCIPLINE ON FAMALE STUDENTS IN THE THIRD COURSE OF HIGH SCHOOLS IN AHVAZ}, abstract ={Background & Aims: School indiscipline is a multi-faceted phenomenon that has many adverse effects on satisfaction from teaching and learning of students. This study examines the important antecedents theory of mind, self-regulation and emotional attachment styles in creating indiscipline behavior is. Materials & Methods: This study descriptive correlational study was conducted on junior high school students in Ahwaz 2014-2015. The 440 girls of the population were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) and researcher-made questionnaire were filled and the data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis. Results: The results showed there was a significant relationship between the theory of mind, emotional self-regulation, secure and avoidant attachment style with indiscipline behavior. There was a significant negative relationship between emotion regulation and secure attachment with indiscipline. Also there was a positive relationship between mind reading and indiscipline acts. Also, stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that secure attachment style was the most predictive variable for indiscipline behavior. (P ≤0.000, β= -0.57) Conclusion: Given the important role of individual and familial factors affecting the incidence of inappropriate behavior in students, this study showed that the most important indicator goes the development of secure attachment. Therefore, the warm relationship between parents and children plays a critical role. It is suggested to inform parents about the effectiveness of parental close relationship along with particular rules in order to raise healthy children. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 705 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {Indiscipline, Theory of mind, Emotions self-regulating‚ Attachment styles}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {692-705}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3404-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3404-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Karimian, Noorbakhsh and Mohamadynejad, Parisa and Moghanibashi, Mehdi}, title = {INCREASED RISK OF BREAST CANCER BY REDUCING THE NUMBER OF RHOB GENE PROMOTER VNTR REPEATS}, abstract ={Background & Aims: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and the second most common cause of death from cancer. In Iran, of 10 to 15 women, one woman has the risk of breast cancers. The RHOB gene is one of the genes that is associated with cancer and the coding of the protein with GTPase functional and studies have shown that expression of this gene increases in breast cancer. The human-RHOB-gene promoter harbors a VNTR polymorphism which is located 820 bp upstream of the transcriptional start site which carries 34 bp tandem repeat. Materials & Methods: In this study, blood samples were taken from 138 controls and 136 patients with breast cancer. After DNA extraction, PCR and electrophoresis were done and the collected data were analyzed with χ2 and regression logestic tests. Results: In this study, 10 different alleles in promoter VNTR of RHOB gene were found that most of them were alleles with 9 and 10 repeat. The number of sick people who have repeat allele 9 were significantly higher than the healthy controls. Conclusion: The results showed that alleles with  9 repeat increases risk of developing breast cancer. [OR₌0.515(95%CI=0.317-0.836), P=0.007 ] SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 712 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {KeyWords: Breast Cancer, RHOB gene, VNTR, Promoter, 9 repeat allele.}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {706-712}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3417-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3417-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Shobeiri, Elham and GharibSalehi, Mohammad and Dehdashtro, Ali}, title = {A STUDY OF THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF COLOR DOPPLER AND GRAY SCALE US IN IDENTIFYING AXILLARY LYMPH NODES METASTASES IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER}, abstract ={Background & Aims: Due to the high incidence of breast cancer, the use of easy, safe, noninvasive and readily available diagnostic procedures that can accurately determine the initial stages of the disease and its spread is very important. Ultrasonography as a method may be able to realize these goals and to help patients and physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate diagnostic value of the gray scale and color doppler sonography in determining malignant nature of the lymph nodes in the axillary region. Materials & Methods: This analytical study included 99 breast cancer patients who had not undergone mastectomy and lymphadenectomy and referred to pathology department of Imam Reza Hospital for FNA. Before biopsy, gray scale and color doppler ultrasound was done from axillary lymph nodes, and the measurements were recorded. The data were analyzed using statistical tests and diagnostic value analysis. The software of SPSS 21 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Sensitivity of indices of gray scale and color doppler sonography includingthe size of lymph nodes, cortical thickness and symmetry, echogenicity, RI, vascular patterns of lymph node and vessel number of  lymph node were 0.57, 0.62, 0.87, 1, 0.66, 0.58 respectively. Conclusion: In this study, diagnostic value and accordance of echogenicity was higher than the other criteria of sonography. Then, this criterion can be a useful for prediction of the status of the axillary lymph node. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 721 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {Breast Cancer, color Doppler sonography, Axillary lymph Nodes, Biopsy.}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {713-721}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-2799-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-2799-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Marasouli, Peymaneh and Niknejad, Elham and Sayyedi, Sayyed-Orkhan and Aliloo, Leila and MohammadiKhoshrou, Mohamm}, title = {EVALUTION OF GENERAL DENTISTS KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE INDICATIONS OF STAINLESS STEEL CROWN AND THEIR WILLINGNESS TO LEARN AND APPLY THESE TECHNIQUES AT OFFICE}, abstract ={Background & Aims: Dental caries is one of the most common child illnesses, and each year the number of teeth loss due to caries development. Given the destructive nature of the caries, fast treatment is necessary to prevent future tooth decay in order to improve the overall oral health. According to what was said above, the use of stainless steel crown (SSC) in pediatric dentistry is very important and many dental associations do insist on using it. Unfortunately, some dentists are less likely to use it. The aim of this study was the evaluation of general dentists’ knowledge about the indications of SSC and their willingness to learn and apply these techniques at office. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on all Urmia dentists that work in an office .A questioner was performed in two sections (personal information and questions about SSC) and dentists answered it. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and Pearson correlation coefficient. The dentists were 80 male and 48 females and the mean age was 42.66 years old, and the mean time passed from their graduation was 15.05 years Results: So 128 dentists (80 males and 48 females) participated in this study. Fourteen questions were proposed in the area of knowledge. 44 dentists had moderate awareness. The remaining 84 dentists all had good knowledge. There was no significant correlation between graduation and the age of dentists with knowledge. While the relationship between the knowledge and the training college was significant. But relations between the sexes was not statistically significant but the awareness was higher in men than in women. Conclusion: The results indicated that knowledge of dentists in Urmia about SSC was sufficient, but the use of SSC was low. Therefore we recommend some organized educational programs in this field. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 728 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {Knowledge, General dentist, Stainless steel crown}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {722-728}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3694-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3694-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} } @article{ author = {Marasouli, Peymaneh and MohammadiKhoshrou, Mohammad and Hoseinzadeh, Mehrdad and Niknejad, Elham}, title = {SURVEY OF DMFT AND DMFT INDICES IN URMIA ORPHANAGES IN 6-18 YEAR-OLD INDIVIDUALS IN 2014}, abstract ={Background & Aims: The DMFT index in primary teeth and dmft in permanent teeth includes drawn (missing) and filled(filling) teeth due to decay and the percentage of children free of caries (caries free) are two important indicators of health in a community. The aim of  this study was to measure the well-being of DMFT  and dmft  indices in Urmia Orphanages . Materials & Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical study with 93 patients including 23 females and 70 males. They were  from orphanages  of Urmia with 6-18 years old that were selected  by census method, and their teeth were examined with simple tools. The results, along with other information such as age, sex, number of brushing and medical data were recorded. The DMFT and dmft indices were based on the method recommended by WHO and the results were analyzed using t-test and k square. Results: The mean DMFT was 2.55 and dmft was 2.5, respectively and the permanent and deciduous tooth was equal. There was no significant correlation between age and sex and dmft. However, there was significant correlation between age and sex and DMFT. The frequency of brushing and DMFT and dmft meaningful connections was reported. Conclusion: As a result, the reported decay was higher than  WHO criteria for the year 2010 (DMFT≤1). The highest mean in both DMFT, dmft was related to caries (d,D),respectively. It is revealed that the residents of orphanages need more treatment. SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2016: 27(8): 734 ISSN: 1027-3727}, Keywords = {Decay, DMFT, dmft, orphans}, volume = {27}, Number = {8}, pages = {729-734}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3695-en.html}, eprint = {http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3695-en.pdf}, journal = {Studies in Medical Sciences}, issn = {2717-008X}, eissn = {2717-008X}, year = {2016} }