per
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
2717-008X
2007-06
18
1
356
360
article
CERVICAL SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS AND LONG – TERM USE OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS
1
A amirabi
amirabi@ umsu.ac.ir
2
F Broomand
3
F abbasi
4
Z yekta
5
H Gharabaghi
6
Abstract Background & Aims: Combined oral contraceptive pills (OCP) provide highly effective birth control. Studies have indicated that the risk for dysplasia and carcinoma insitu of the uterine cervix increases with the use of oral contraception for more than 1 year. Invasive cervical cancer may increase after 5 years of us reaching a 2- fold increase after 10 years. But conclusions regarding cervical cancer are not definitive. The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions in users of OCP for more than 5 years versus nonusers. Materials & Methods: This cross- sectional study was performed on 500 women between 30-50 years old. The Study population were selected from a population lab 250 woman using OCP for more than 5 years (exposoure) and 250 nonusers (non exposure) were selected. After filling the questionnaires out and obtaining pap smear test, the results were reported based on Bethesda system. The results were statistically analyzed by chi- square and logistic regression tests. Results: OCP users had ASCUS in 2.8 % and LSIL in 0.8 % of cases. The non-exposures had also 2.8 % ASCUS. There was no statistically significant relationship (P>0.05). The only significant relations were between long- term OCP use with increasing age and current use. Conclusion: Regarding no significant relation between long- term OCP use with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions, we recommend OCP use because of its high effectiveness without fear of increased risk of cervical neoplasia. However, there is a need for further case – control studies to evaluate the relation between long-term use of OCP and intraepithelial cervical lesions especially in current users.
http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-221-en.pdf
Combined oral contraceptive pills
Cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions
Bethesdasystem
Long-term use
per
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
2717-008X
2007-06
18
1
361
366
article
A SURVEY ON CORRELATION BETWEEN LOWER GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS WITH BLOOD SUGAR CONTROL AND LONG-TERM DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
1
R Behroozian
rbehroozian@umsu.ac.ir
2
M kamran Azad
3
Z yakta
4
Backgrounds & Aims: The incidence of diabetes type І and Π is increasing in all over the world. Gastrointestinal symptoms are the most common complaints of these patients. This study was done to find the frequency of GI symptoms and determine their relationship with diabetic complications and blood glucose controlling in diabetic patients. Materials & methods: These studies were done prospectively on 638 in and out patients with diabetes mellitus. They were evaluated with a validated questionnaire, then HBA1c was checked in their blood. These cases were 214 males and 424 females. Eighty-one of cases were type І of DM and 557 of cases were type П (of DM). Frequency of diarrhea, constipation, fecal incontinence, episodic abdominal pain in well-controlled diabetics were 4%, 4.9%, 0%, 2.9% respectively ' but in uncontrolled diabetics they were 41.9% (OR=1.47), 51.4% (OR=0), 10% (OR=1.03), 51.42% (OR=1.10) Conclusion: In this study increasing of glucose levels resulted in increasing the number of lower gastrointestinal symptoms
http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-222-en.pdf
Diabetes
Gastrointestinal symptoms
Hb Alc
per
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
2717-008X
2007-06
18
1
367
372
article
1
ehassani@umsu.ac.ir
2
3
4
5
http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-223-en.pdf
per
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Studies in Medical Sciences
2717-008X
2717-008X
2007-06
18
1
373
378
article
1
2
3
4
5
6
http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-224-en.pdf