Background & Aims: Onychomycosis is caused by dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds. The term onychomycosis refers to nail infections caused by dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte fungi. The aim of this study was diagnosis of onychomycosis agents and also comparison of the accuracy and sensitivity of PCR to conventional methods such as direct examination and culture.

  Materials & Methods : Our descriptive-experimental research is based on the usage of standard solid and liquid cultures of Trichophyton, Candida and Aspergillus for molecular testing on clinical specimens from patients. Universal fungal primers (ITS1 & ITS4) and specific Trichophyton rubrum primers (T-rub) were applied in this experiment.

  Results : For the first time in Iran using an innovative protocol, direct DNA extraction and PCR confirmation of mediums mentioned above was performed in two hours. Furthermore, better sensitivity and precision of PCR rather than routine laboratory results such as direct examination and culture have been proved.

  Conclusion : Due to the high speed and precision of PCR method, it can be a convenient alternative for conventional methods such as direct examination and culture on clinical samples of onychomycosis.

  SOURCE: URMIA MED J 2014: 25(2): 112 ISSN: 1027-3727